Mechanical Seal Failure Analysis: Newly Installed Seal Leaks

05/08/2022
Fault phenomenon:
The newly installed mechanical seal suffered leakage when the inlet valve of the pump is opened, usually in the form of dripping or leaking, or even a large amount of leakage. If the last case took place, the pump must be disassembled to check the seal.

Causes analysed:
1. About 60% of seal leakage is end-face leakage.

2. It is relatively common for the newly replaced mechanical seal to leak, especially the inlaid graphite ring, which has a high probability of deformation.

One reason is that the graphite ring inlaid with the said metals is interference inlay, which causes a stress problem. After the inlaid graphite ring is ground, the sealing surface reaches the standard of use. However, after the mechanical seal where the graphite ring is installed is placed for a period of time, the internal  residual stress of the inlaid graphite ring continues to release, which will cause the deformation of the sealing surface. 

Besides,in a high temperature medium environment,due to the effect of temperature, the graphite ring will also undergo deformation.In this case, the mechanical seal may leak slightly. Worth to mention,after running for a period of time, the surface of the deformed mechanical seal will gradually run in to achieve no leak status. 

For floating mechanical seals, the graphite ring will also deform under high pressure.Generally, there are three stages of mechanical seal wear, as shown in Figure below:
 
                
After the mechanical seal is installed, open the inlet valve of the pump, if there is a slight leakage, it is recommended not to replace the seal, the pump should be started to make the seal enter the running-in stage. If the leakage gradually decreases, it means that the mechanical seal is in the running-in process, usually within 24 hours complete break-in can be achieved,after which leakage of the mechanical seal can stop.

Above are three reasons causing the leakage of mechanical seals.
 
         

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Solutions:
1.Under normal circumstances, in the case that the newly installed mechanical seal has slight leakage or dripping,it’s no need to rush to disassemble the pump to replace the seal. As we have talked before,after running in, the leakage will gradually decrease to zero. If the seal leakage increases after the pump has been running for a period of time, it is necessary to replace the mechanical seal.

2. In the case of  a large amount of leakage taking place, the pump must be disassembled to replace the mechanical seal.

3. Before the mechanical seal is put to use, the seal flatness should be checked.If unqualified, the seal must be ground till it is qualified.